当我们走进一家实验室,或者看到一篇实验室检测报告,总会被许许多多陌生的英文单词所困惑。这些实验室专业名词,不但抽象,还不容易记忆。认证君今天收集了几百个实验室专业名词英文翻译供大家参考学习。周一啦,让我们从学习中开始。
实验室专业名词翻译 l+ V! A, p/ T$ `
|
中文名称
! j/ L# V" b! i4 j I" g# x9 g | 英文名称- G5 e; k3 F7 x% k" x
|
分析名词# s2 m! u# c- ~$ z( Q F! {
|
分析化学
# g5 b) G5 T @1 s7 [ | analytical chemistry+ e: l: ^6 _4 } T7 M: d5 u5 |
|
定性分析! ]) O1 W" x& g
| qualitative analysis
8 t4 K) w3 f6 } R$ Z |
定量分析
, \6 q( L3 P( a' m | quantitative analysis/ y" t' v5 B; N' D* n$ _
|
物理分析7 z+ _: s" b$ V8 k2 Z
| physical analysis0 K% S* s7 Y, a' {6 h6 k
|
物理化学分析
" _; k" `9 n' g0 E( a | physico-chemical analysis
U9 S' l6 a m4 C) S1 B! _1 W |
仪器分析法
1 O' y. [/ Z( T+ \( B- D, e' i | instrumental analysis
$ a) p2 T6 {$ D* [, i! E* P |
流动注射分析法
$ ^/ o# x k7 q | flow injection analysis;FIA
/ u9 i$ d. r0 b; [/ p |
顺序注射分析法# c) }0 J) o# l" T8 ^
| sequentical injection analysis;SIA* u9 P/ F z4 ]. Y6 J
|
化学计量学
* F0 F8 M+ w2 l, c* ]& C | chemometrics
6 T6 ~) L* \, j4 l Q M! u |
误差的分析数据处理
! r3 ~8 n5 Y/ X# e" }# N1 M2 B |
绝对误差" F- q) G6 f7 t# |$ T9 g7 G
| absolute error
8 E: k$ v2 F) |# ?6 T4 O2 c |
相对误差$ \" q4 v0 }% k* ]
| relative error
* q% w0 I7 W& ]" a |
系统误差
4 K ~2 c- N' N& u2 p9 a* m) ], V | systematic error) [9 G0 p8 x) \/ r
|
可定误差
2 [8 J$ E& f" Q4 u* ~ | determinate error
& h# Y9 g( q; b1 V, }( V0 y |
随机误差( K0 I7 j, O, v0 v" ^
| accidental error' j! \0 D" j' M$ E, m; @2 [ g$ q
|
不可定误差
2 L# O9 ~: y7 w/ {4 B# n# q | indeterminate error# N2 L/ b/ G0 T+ \, v8 c- N' h
|
准确度
- J# ]) ]: U: ?* }3 ? | accuracy
3 \2 T8 x5 }9 Q( [3 r/ m |
精确度
2 c& |' y8 C4 o; q | precision9 J- N4 i A( ^8 G* Q2 l( R
|
偏差
- V: s' Q( m% s+ J: ?! p" Z$ @) G4 m | debiation,d& C0 D7 g$ o/ P
|
平均偏差) v' Y7 R" W- _ y& X6 j
| average debiation
! a6 n* A: d6 P- | q |
相对平均偏差
0 @) \0 E8 g) a& E | relative average debiation3 C6 M& X7 h/ R7 I' J
|
标准偏差(标准差)
: ~, J1 ~% w, l1 L | standerd deviation;S; _! c5 P! W( D- e" m
|
相对平均偏差" `6 B. M$ N R- K7 O2 o" e+ G) P
| relatibe standard deviation;RSD' J: j6 N8 O `9 E2 }, _" J
|
变异系数
7 E. m) W' q* D | coefficient of variation
2 R6 {0 R' F3 H |
误差传递
9 ?0 f, z4 e/ G% Y1 c) } | propagation of error
# Z. g4 j4 M% D# G w) G* c; C |
有效数字
! g2 u! [" Q0 J7 f$ N7 q/ b | significant figure! K0 Q6 f% N3 t) {8 X9 G& m% l
|
置信水平7 W. T7 l+ c( O; H! b
| confidence level
* z4 g. V: q ~8 d |
显著性水平+ b( U6 J7 c( j1 N" r
| level of significance
6 T4 ?* Q8 y, u6 d( h2 U. b t: J1 V$ H |
合并标准偏差(组合标准差)3 a( z8 R, n$ J; @' e
| pooled standard debiation. p8 }6 W! F# \7 j% y
|
舍弃商 o5 A, B, g5 |+ }
| rejection quotient ;Q% i6 `2 A% t/ s3 Q9 H
|
滴定分析
- l0 U$ W/ b& B" m |
滴定分析法
7 p# M U7 m& D6 a% |5 S | titrametric analysis X0 h, x( d7 r9 Z1 |+ g }2 W
|
滴定6 z! c7 j% O% X+ n4 @ d+ W; x" `
| titration6 p% e. B y+ \/ l/ q/ C% F1 P4 G9 D
|
容量分析法: U K3 ]6 c4 R
| volumetric analysis
, Z6 q5 @' {" o: f B: M |
化学计量点
7 i& M/ g) D6 T* s+ v | stoichiometric point
5 R5 V$ c4 E" ^" }# Y |
等当点$ @* p2 o8 J2 N. d2 c
| equivalent point
o8 F% p0 L+ G2 c+ @" l6 Y |
电荷平衡0 i d, |3 H7 E/ [. T/ v
| charge balance
- K* n4 e2 g" _' F |
电荷平衡式5 Y5 T( z$ u! }, G, n3 w
| charge balance equation
0 v5 c1 \* ?- l; _' v |
质量平衡2 d, k. n9 |3 X- Z( A
| mass balance& {8 }2 i( m& s4 V8 O6 W
|
物料平衡
, R. o5 Z% U# N | material balance) d- L! _0 ~% C7 q
|
质量平衡式
# X# [: s0 v, S( v+ b& J | mass balance equation' y" n& `4 Z/ e5 a) z+ f5 j
|
酸碱滴定法0 j7 @2 [7 }" W1 y/ |' l
|
酸碱滴定法- t* @$ Y( [5 Z
| acid-base titrations
$ j2 d1 D' m8 j2 Z |
质子自递反应. G$ y4 s& H9 ~8 {2 N5 w% c# `
| autoprotolysis reaction
7 C/ V/ v, i3 L8 w |
质子自递常数$ w0 |: L7 ^4 D4 c9 w
| autoprotolysis constant
% _" l e9 c/ G0 e |
质子条件式+ g; ] @! s4 n
| proton balance equation
& B6 J# m- k! b m2 i |
酸碱指示剂# H9 f8 D! r% m1 c+ s0 D0 f
| acid-base indicator: F' S% ^! Y U: I9 V
|
指示剂常数
& d7 G" d# C( _# Y | indicator constant' ]8 ^; T, I: n6 m( U* o
|
变色范围
8 R& K0 ?9 Q' A. |6 o% P0 m | colour change interval3 g: ?. v* z; }! L
|
混合指示剂
2 S4 W( P$ e3 ^" w5 c | mixed indicator& H1 U* O0 V5 ]: g0 D% s/ }) x3 l
|
双指示剂滴定法
% b8 y, i; G& ]1 x) @ | double indicator titration
8 P- H6 @( R) _* M. n" c* i" e: [ |
非水滴定法6 c: m, s6 y" G* f& L
|
非水滴定法4 [$ l+ w6 B6 t& l$ T
| nonaqueous titrations" q0 H, \/ \# R" L3 w: Y
|
质子溶剂
5 {1 [( O( F2 [! G8 r5 d- a | protonic solvent& b h0 u( f0 b' y2 ^
|
酸性溶剂
0 a) k V' }5 d4 S3 j8 A' B) ?' r+ F | acid solvent% ?& d: R" N$ _" F5 ]6 {: t
|
碱性溶剂
4 i2 Z i2 A6 j; }+ g& ] | basic solvent
, E6 n8 a+ w: M6 o4 u: U |
两性溶剂 g' ~% m7 G* C% E( {6 P
| amphototeric solvent6 u. P, a/ [, \* N# m* Z. u
|
无质子溶剂
4 n- ^) f. ?' F" U8 i+ V | aprotic solvent, L. M. W2 n0 B
|
均化效应' P4 X1 a v2 H) N6 z
| differentiating effect
7 Q4 q. G& @' h: Y |
区分性溶剂
9 G9 B, I* [$ A | differentiating solvent, w A% v& H- m$ G' K. u# B# w6 [
|
离子化% y4 h4 ? V P1 e4 k. K
| ionization
# U8 c+ V! Z) N3 P o. P |
离解7 |! c. H; f* Q: ~0 k) }
| dissociation: \/ M* r$ H/ q& w; h: x7 F( K
|
结晶紫9 l8 b1 m1 K$ s6 q( v8 f7 n
| crystal violet$ l! X, {, }$ ?
|
萘酚苯甲醇/ E+ n1 C& c4 K ]7 j
| α-naphthalphenol benzyl alcohol
- A4 j3 m0 [" n: Q+ h( L* H |
奎哪啶红
8 v, K( l/ i3 n; I! N% B | quinadinered
3 t6 A$ C' _0 E* B1 ?: W' M |
百里酚蓝
$ \! {2 Q, W4 v$ r | thymol blue$ V& u% R* g% K
|
偶氮紫1 E, ~4 M2 x* l+ S9 N8 d# W
| azo violet
$ i1 D3 F/ D* o |
溴酚蓝& C* h; x1 E; a# P' E! t& E
| bromophenol blue6 N9 r* T3 G2 v9 ?' q) m
|
配位滴定法# i) a0 o" ^7 F
|
配位滴定法
4 p J' s3 ^/ j. H1 z5 Z/ C | compleximetry
6 l5 M7 Y: T7 n m- v7 q0 V; e |
乙二胺四乙酸$ {, l2 R% ~& L1 A. [
| ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid,EDTA, G, z" t2 | U! m; n" M0 w" D% H
|
螯合物
+ y' e' {0 |2 r T6 o0 V | chelate compound
2 N4 i8 k7 E, o1 Y6 N. k' I1 ~& ` |
金属指示剂: Z4 U) K0 j! K9 m; e
| metal lochrome indcator
5 b/ H- L2 q w. W! u, W3 W( X |
氧化还原滴定法
4 ?+ B1 m, t. L' i- G* c+ g2 g. M |
氧化还原滴定法
( r7 P- ?! ]( Y1 V3 ]1 F | oxidation-reduction titration
3 ]6 i6 |! `; _5 l: l, L | |
碘量法
7 a. R6 K/ x% W7 Z( @5 U | iodimetry
# @2 V' P* V. X' H5 Y |
溴量法0 w) B V3 R8 a1 m8 k
| bromimetry+ x) A. Y8 F3 d
|
溴量法; E2 i- r8 ?, W7 b
| bromine method$ l- f# r+ a4 D7 n
|
铈量法" C3 Q6 U7 r! F/ `
| cerimetry1 O9 W0 O/ { e. m. r# d
|
高锰酸钾法
+ a# j" z' U& v& Y6 w | potassium permanganate method
/ n, [& K7 X$ u e, U |
条件电位
" T+ s: g+ i- C! C" F | conditional potential
! P4 I2 T# t8 n# a5 @9 } |
溴酸钾法
4 k' G2 g t# V% Y( H6 T2 f | potassium bromate method
# _6 U% }1 ^' s2 R |
硫酸铈法
2 B- Y3 u' o; c ~ | cerium sulphate method
( f1 y0 h# X: s! v |
偏高碘酸4 Y1 f/ w/ N8 x8 Y( X- {7 T2 Q
| metaperiodic acid
' G! t4 s6 o! _2 s0 I |
高碘酸盐' ]0 s" |6 P: g+ [! Z
| periodate/ a f3 m1 Z- {4 X
|
亚硝酸钠法
3 ~; @2 F3 `3 @) c& C' a+ J* l | sodium nitrite method; } J4 |# C& q( I: }& q6 t
|
重氮化反应* s) I( k: A0 t( [: r3 V
| diazotization reaction
+ |* ?/ Z" H+ N- N: A |
重氮化滴定法+ V( o9 W9 `5 D
| diazotization titration# y) m( H% q% x( o7 E! s
|
亚硝基化反应
. r' h2 l1 X# y/ ~5 z+ M; z- d | nitrozation reaction
3 z, n2 R2 e5 i7 x* c |
亚硝基化滴定法2 L* `' r _8 ~* Z& |
| nitrozation titration1 B2 K( u/ A& w5 k2 H8 K; h
|
外指示剂, @" i. o. [- k ]9 B
| external indicator' K2 D) x# u3 C+ v6 L
|
外指示剂
( Y- u" x3 K, K z8 V1 k" } | outside indicator
. l/ _- \0 g1 I" L7 y |
重铬酸钾法
: ?) c# S9 R7 K% m | potassium dichromate method. M! ^2 t9 W& i; A4 O
|
沉淀滴定法8 Q- Y" s" @8 E4 u3 n# i: _
|
沉淀滴定法% h: s& s2 V; e: h/ E' \
| precipitation titration
+ L: D5 c( i, C" F7 e8 H' O |
容量滴定法& r% m2 r- `9 k% D; ^% ^
| volumetric precipitation method
$ ]; b/ c1 Q! v! x' M5 V) _ |
银量法* O8 b, ` P1 W) p# T! K
| argentometric method
5 M$ }( u: u$ u& g |
重量分析
) {2 N/ s' y) g4 x7 d$ Q |
重量分析法) d6 V6 A7 _" d( r* e
| gravimetric analysis
5 P6 T0 D7 b* U0 j, V" c5 G8 I |
挥发法2 i0 d* H# H6 N/ @
| volatilization method
1 Z. i, X9 i1 |- v |
引湿水(湿存水)
7 ]" l# |2 W+ { | water of hydroscopicity
; O7 Q/ V& E& Q" a p |
包埋(藏)水
6 E' V( |& ~7 _0 Z | occluded water
- ?4 n8 K' p, L3 E |
吸入水 |2 Z; b3 K) e* S
| water of imbibition. U5 x& l7 T5 _- Z! I- ]8 ]7 J* D
|
结晶水$ ?' Y. I1 x$ O, Z% N& a! L
| water of crystallization3 o8 a% j5 ], T! g4 a
|
组成水9 Q# ~: R8 T+ t: J* a2 ^
| water of composition
, o$ ] d" C( H- m @, W |
液-液萃取法$ r$ |( k7 b( j: `1 J
| liquid-liquid extration9 d7 ?6 ~* }, m" Z
|
溶剂萃取法
/ k8 o3 E- M+ Q" @ | solvent extration& W$ o' h# v, d! Q+ E+ S
|
反萃取 j6 |0 K$ g$ _% R# ^; J
| counter extraction0 C! [% z% I' y/ a4 Z( r& w
|
分配系数1 S- Y* r$ I8 d
| partition coefficient
, A/ w; I5 x. _# ? |
分配比; G5 G3 ?3 G# }6 P- W
| distribution ratio
3 D0 U: Y! {/ d' f+ {. i1 n7 O |
离子对(离子缔合物)
5 K- Y; @3 _: n/ t) n+ {0 \ | ion pair4 ?5 u' f8 Z' t. I
|
沉淀形式$ C% M# T6 z( |0 G6 G7 O
| precipitation forms" U& G; ]8 v- x4 o m! ~5 w
|
称量形式
% v) Q0 ^* b9 T" h1 u2 u* j. r/ Z | weighing forms
, V. D/ m# L/ b) x |
仪器分析
9 ~! i2 F* f, p |
物理分析
$ k) ]4 K2 d9 [, W% S: L! I | physical analysis3 m3 Y, i3 q2 [. h
|
物理化学分析& }$ F. S0 o$ Z8 k. o4 O* s8 b, {3 n
| physicochemical analysis4 u2 }" ~; s: ]6 S2 s# K1 c
|
仪器分析( I9 v/ ]$ s; ]* s: x' @
| instrumental analysis" @, a" M& P2 H9 G5 k; v" b$ l: O
|
电位法及永停滴定法+ u+ k! z1 R& W+ p# c, c3 i
| |
电化学分析
& G5 S" O! j7 _& T8 ^9 }/ z | electrochemical analysis1 o; Q1 v- W9 m V1 y& N
|
电解法
8 @/ U" }) R2 O, C9 E6 a( o- X- M | electrolytic analysis method
* G7 O: F; E7 f2 ~' O |
电重量法
7 o* b9 k( D; z1 u: Z: O" A2 ^! P/ [ | electtogravimetry
# y. T7 s! r( G) c$ s" ^ |
库仑法8 S! I% i$ l- c
| coulometry! D" D1 [7 Z4 W- M9 w1 |2 V
|
库仑滴定法! Z& g0 f: {" Q
| coulometric titration4 X7 j! C2 u1 G2 g0 t2 f/ t# R% {! }. w
|
电导法
) D& {2 m+ [# c/ N" t [/ V) a7 @ | conductometry% u1 Y) c6 T' E( A! l, @
|
电导分析法3 J! U2 p g0 A! q9 C
| conductometric analysis
/ ^/ X; B% A, ]! g/ Q4 g, A6 X6 r |
电导滴定法6 b1 K+ n7 d# i( A" b7 F5 b, i: e+ l2 W
| conductometric titration$ f4 Q! a3 g7 t- w6 b- H F
|
电位法
( d' {9 p5 j* ]* M | potentiometry
1 K7 B. i1 p- p! z |
直接电位法
; _6 L+ `$ P9 j# J; D, ` | dirext potentiometry+ z5 O1 l4 ]+ H3 W
|
电位滴定法
! V; K, S0 D) W4 O | potentiometric titration" Z) U* v% E5 T# z# V' A! _
|
伏安法) |# ^# U5 ?1 F- O+ A9 f! J
| voltammetry
- q/ [5 [& e9 { C N2 u, ] |
极谱法
% [$ C( T: m- _0 T# G% h, m: j | polarography
1 u: a z; Q* G) D' K% w) T |
溶出法
" j, ?" w: F: k" ]9 @* i' V& Z | stripping method$ Y! B. C8 ~1 N& R7 s+ d& l; X
|
电流滴定法
% i9 t$ I( n- e+ b/ r2 A | amperometric titration+ k l% Y( d5 c
|
化学双电层1 b" m# U+ C7 r1 Q! O$ N
| chemical double layer! s+ ~6 ^( t4 P) C$ ^, L4 m
|
相界电位
7 _0 K; E7 b8 o1 J# z | phase boundary potential, V6 N2 | a i# _
|
金属电极电位! S: M. l3 o3 q. v' q2 F5 q
| electrode potential
/ ?" x) H2 ^( l8 Z |
化学电池
" R1 W0 z' s0 L/ p | chemical cell
+ c) X, \6 |0 H9 w2 A% k |
液接界面
$ c- A* O( t9 `! g4 J: c# Z9 j | liquid junction boundary
: @- J) x. `8 |- P! @ b0 k |
原电池
8 I J5 ?$ l" q. c5 n/ r8 z2 I' ? | galvanic cell
9 B) O8 M) e6 i! \* y! | |
电解池8 J6 e9 U1 K. [2 a/ ]
| electrolytic cell
# ]2 I! x! I/ E% d$ C/ l |
负极
' r7 l" Q/ a8 {: w | cathrode" r3 S/ g8 F5 D
|
正极
" V9 {+ w. p2 k8 @- r | anode4 D( r. U) R( N
|
电池电动势
; Q! m: u2 b% L0 [$ t | eletromotive force
! _' W, C6 }) Q- p/ ~ |
指示电极$ I1 Y9 l3 C) e) ]3 N
| indicator electrode
% S( A9 X5 _+ d# v& p+ } |
参比电极
% ?: x: \( ]: r& ` a& l) v% v | reference electroade: X4 a9 W+ m1 P" i& _! K- }: v+ a
|
标准氢电极
2 I; o$ k3 U2 |4 I" I; G, } | standard hydrogen electrode5 p3 y& _- Y8 v1 E. ^, q2 _
|
一级参比电极3 R2 J& u) }/ H% S' p9 y ? n
| primary reference electrode) r( f6 i( t" Y7 @" M
|
饱和甘汞电极! }6 ?% a; q" w4 n
| standard calomel electrode7 M9 F4 T" ^5 a' v9 R; m
|
银-氯化银电极& K( k. {$ M ^- z
| silver silver-chloride electrode0 h( q& h0 Y4 l( b \2 z( C
|
液接界面
6 j' i% {+ o1 X$ j% u | liquid junction boundary" Y1 D3 B1 v/ g+ n
|
不对称电位7 G5 p7 b4 v& }* H
| asymmetry potential& Z% N1 Y0 Y% J' w
|
表观PH值
& v* h/ Z4 }" ` | apparent PH
8 f& ^5 m8 y0 I7 K# X/ g" a |
复合PH电极
! o% ^- O5 U1 l( s | combination PH electrode
' u/ K% M3 a( }- \0 s |
离子选择电极- L( X, U& o) i8 g6 q
| ion selective electrode% \: u* g3 U- I& w2 C* M4 }) o
|
敏感器' n+ K: M+ t% D. d8 e3 L. S
| sensor
9 u4 I3 ~ U. i1 [ H7 L5 H |
晶体电极1 r( G ?: `' ` G
| crystalline electrodes( L' a& _* C* I S
|
均相膜电极1 b& f8 r" F! a9 s# d$ I
| homogeneous membrance electrodes/ h, J( V( b/ M. D; @8 V0 X
|
非均相膜电极2 S& Z/ J% \( \- i0 M9 D
| heterog eneous membrance electrodes/ u4 T$ g( B$ h, }
|
非晶体电极
' t0 M# }2 ]4 T: P | non- crystalline electrodes
0 N5 [, Q& k1 M: g" R |
刚性基质电极5 e1 p9 R8 t9 M) l) u' @' t7 G
| rigid matrix electrode; x | |2 o3 l! |1 C
|
流流体载动电极& ]! c) _$ u% D0 a3 L5 v. D
| electrode with a mobile carrier" s7 t2 _% d: G0 r: O
|
气敏电极
2 F2 C/ t* ]; U | gas sensing electrodes, T! E# e+ f* R3 c+ z7 o" O
|
酶电极5 x. R) D7 F! _6 Z
| enzyme electrodes
. u. [+ H/ Z2 a/ M1 ~ |
金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管& U7 X/ S* p8 S
| MOSFET6 ]" }8 [8 y N: }
|
离子选择场效应管# s! S. S( M% C9 j& C7 a" m1 i! U* Q
| ISFET
" T/ D1 G: t/ @2 ~5 c i |
总离子强度调节缓冲剂
7 v2 k4 n( L4 D( ~9 Q6 J4 j | total ion strength adjustment buffer,TISAB
1 \/ e8 C% k; h0 t+ K |
永停滴定法
4 E2 B1 w+ H' n | dead-stop titration
& [1 t, z6 Z4 m' a |
双电流滴定法(双安培滴定法)
, p, P8 S& I% a# H4 r$ d | double amperometric titration
; @; l. y$ U- m9 ^0 G |
光谱分析8 @3 [/ F1 z* ~0 [- g6 ?
|
普朗克常数3 I! b% z9 h+ f, H. Y$ x
| Plank constant
+ W* O/ [+ c8 n, c4 y) t |
电磁波谱 M2 i& {! B0 p; }$ [5 r
| electromagnetic spectrum( V5 R5 r; ?8 g' a
|
光谱) |1 o8 g' a- D& i9 F5 q4 }; S
| spectrum" s- P: ^# K; R6 a& N" c% l
|
光谱分析法
- u/ g; Y3 x+ J. `% G# [9 L | spectroscopic analysis% u% {6 K0 h0 c+ }3 k. ?, |6 E$ u( c
|
原子发射光谱法" b0 ~0 Z% w# @) V$ v' @, ~
| atomic emission spectroscopy
1 f( d( s5 d4 R |
质量谱; v7 U% R. g& ^$ y4 \
| mass spectrum+ B0 d+ N' W$ Z9 J) k0 s* ^
|
质谱法
% w9 b8 Z4 x7 v+ |) D | mass spectroscopy,MS
. ?- n; @' }" F9 ^. w |
紫外-可见分光光度' Z U% E5 @" Q7 g
|
紫外-可见分光光度法, @4 E* U) @5 J D
| ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometry;UV-vis
5 ^) b3 d2 p9 S+ S% i+ g |
肩峰
: S6 k: y. S- G1 ?1 B | shoulder peak- U) } m. V& f% A- j' {
|
末端吸收
: ^+ C- q; g5 F; ^) A( f | end absorbtion' v0 ~: \6 W* c, B% U, a2 L: e
|
生色团' o- ^# i9 W4 P" u2 U2 k9 u+ ?* c4 }
| chromophore- _; {1 j; R( j, W
|
助色团9 ~9 S) a0 V0 ^9 O9 ]9 T' |. u
| auxochrome
) ]* I/ X8 v7 Z4 R: _: e# b3 B |
红移
: U" E$ D2 [7 J5 `; v/ e2 _9 L | red shift8 e0 Y. [' F4 G$ v7 _
|
长移& s/ `. L; W- O3 _/ g
| bathochromic shift9 V6 E0 P) r9 J1 b* O
|
短移
. _# m' K) @1 e+ U7 n8 W! L | hypsochromic shift
7 E* [ a' X5 K |
蓝(紫)移2 N( E9 X7 b, [7 ~' W+ I, x
| blue shift0 y! z- N1 C9 W# {0 j$ ^- X I! q
|
增色效应(浓色效应)9 w2 Z' K* D1 G5 n; N
| hyperchromic effect
3 o2 {3 x" \4 ]0 m6 q3 g5 y |
减色效应(淡色效应)
: M" h: o3 l5 _! I3 }' V! { | hypochromic effect
7 f" O: P- D n |
强带# V+ F7 t# z5 ]* @9 v: ]
| strong band
`9 |( [' k" M r) o# |5 O |
弱带" r: i8 y/ q+ J9 K) S. h
| weak band
" i' Q0 M; S$ r |
吸收带# o% ~ } n3 [) g
| absorption band
: O7 Q- T8 X( m- v/ F ~: G |
透光率
2 h I) `: C) a. M! {8 k | transmitance,T
% h4 G, u* t2 c- V |
吸光度" o, C* @. d G0 J" z+ }- d
| absorbance
3 s6 N+ [: ?6 k0 F' x' d9 n |
谱带宽度
6 s" X9 {% D! n4 L | band width
4 S2 k* }6 C9 @* p0 X |
杂散光
/ F& C- C% p3 x$ ?( c* j* O | stray light8 t) {2 S Z1 [& V* v- R
|
噪声3 v) M2 k% K" ]0 k; R) c
| noise
! R- k3 |1 O, w% r) ^ k. X |
暗噪声
4 K% d* u: U% y% x# k2 V | dark noise
/ R$ b) t& C2 n' U# M Y |
散粒噪声1 @% g& O# ]% c
| signal shot noise
g' g. @$ J8 L" e |
闪耀光栅* F4 v+ d/ m6 z2 }, b
| blazed grating. y- L4 ^ ~8 B4 B" `0 j8 J
|
全息光栅& o+ E, j4 w5 k0 z: O/ o3 Y
| holographic graaing
6 r1 {9 `5 G g7 M" F7 u* D- o* I |
光二极管阵列检测器; m; A0 I) t! U/ M M3 C8 O
| photodiode array detector
8 H3 @$ w+ r( f% {$ C6 U% e |
偏最小二乘法2 j. `$ Y _' s
| partial least squares method ,PLS
6 m' z9 c, N. C* S. G; [+ T6 s4 g0 l |
褶合光谱法( @/ k# P" R" H; {* n6 `$ }
| convolution spectrometry; t7 x- U; E* d2 n7 v! |4 N
|
褶合变换
: ?) @$ A* M4 @" g: G1 z5 E5 | | convolution transform,CT
1 S- M7 O" q0 n8 D7 y2 K- F |
离散小波变换% R% T. p ^ j3 N0 V* m, T
| wavelet transform,WT3 E! x' c% u* u" @0 ^ `
|
多尺度细化分析; Z0 ] N" F6 T3 q5 u3 ?7 s; H; L
| multiscale analysis& \* }' b9 y6 y/ A7 ~
|
供电子取代基
* g8 M, S1 o. @2 L. { | electron donating group
* [/ t- ~6 y" v6 |+ r+ W' e7 ? |
吸电子取代基3 S0 ]: z% l& a( Y; H! N) n
| electron with-drawing group e E5 a7 u8 z" m% s, A) L
|
荧光分析1 A7 q' l& A. K9 C' X" i
|
荧光" _6 f8 o0 b& Q' g3 Y( b4 C; T+ _
| fluorescence
0 g0 D& ]9 \( ]3 N |
荧光分析法
/ y' V6 h! e5 e2 f- H3 a7 t | fluorometry4 y' T2 Q& K% H
|
X-射线荧光分析法
2 s8 r" o1 N4 _6 w! _! T | X-ray fulorometry, {; ^ g# M! u. Z5 w
|
原子荧光分析法6 Z; i8 S! S4 n5 S
| atomic fluorometry2 b$ Z0 k% `, _$ V9 |5 C( x# I* {: Q
|
分子荧光分析法- n6 F6 G- O" n7 L0 c
| molecular fluorometry
5 E( t6 Q. u4 K5 Z |
振动弛豫
) h+ g' ~7 ?) s5 |8 u | vibrational relexation
; E* t' c0 }: B" ~+ J4 g6 L |
内转换2 P% f! T: U" P; ]: W: I
| internal conversion7 g1 S( }/ R% ?; r' C+ U
|
外转换
p: E3 Z: _4 U A9 ~" }3 d8 O | external conversion8 s! W4 }4 _3 P: n1 I$ _
|
体系间跨越
: ^6 B! ]& s& y4 H* k | intersystem crossing' r' ?5 K+ M+ d( @; ~! z' u
|
激发光谱
+ k5 L: A2 S m' d; ? | excitation spectrum6 M s. `3 `3 {
|
荧光光谱- p7 c2 C }. {/ A$ i
| fluorescence spectrum
- x4 y! x% G- k1 C |
斯托克斯位移. E2 n( o! D& u8 }( E0 a6 @
| Stokes shift5 N4 t, V5 B! n- I0 V
|
荧光寿命' Z. }* h0 ?3 N c4 s( S3 h! m
| fluorescence life time( c. A0 X8 t. M+ b
|
荧光效率
/ l6 n4 G3 f5 H+ k A | fluorescence efficiency. Q4 s. w4 F7 P
|
荧光量子产率$ Z3 k* b6 J( D0 i
| fluorescence quantum yield
: I/ C! Q$ k, C& f9 L" Y6 K. F |
荧光熄灭法
, B9 f5 Q- G( d# X* y | fluorescence quemching method
2 {6 e- E; n: {' o2 ` |
散射光7 B6 L9 w; R/ f3 f7 c6 @* T* m
| scattering light/ d: |0 ~- c0 F2 i& V
|
瑞利光
& C/ A% e. A/ t" {9 O8 b& @8 i; e | Reyleith scanttering light- K4 Q0 Z" _1 L7 B
|
拉曼光% M& b: B9 ?" Z- L. Q# R* Q
| Raman scattering light
: _$ m' `. t" C |
红外分光光度法
. f( Q) ]" ?( |+ v |
红外线
1 j- G% D0 A5 n/ @ | infrared ray,IR
" |' ?5 y# @. c' n1 h1 R- z |
中红外吸收光谱
+ ?3 l+ ~7 C1 p* D) z* ]+ d( f/ e | mid-infrared absorption spectrum,Mid-IR8 }; o; ~3 T- P% @! v
|
远红外光谱
1 |: X8 s- V# e4 y | Far-IR
" ~6 u! C0 R1 Z* F8 k% G |
微波谱
% b9 O" w7 _: f# S' g! @ | microwave spectrum,MV
8 V# T! G* O' z5 e2 k& |# ^6 } |
红外吸收光谱法# O4 H8 d# c9 ^4 f+ M! ~- B* }
| infrared spectroscopy
7 q/ Z2 }# E- I2 S' y0 x/ t- a h |
红外分光光度法8 R: m5 i0 H$ a3 u
| infrared spectrophotometry: {" n) a, p8 y
|
振动形式( H& [+ `# A& V/ B8 u1 Z
| mode of vibration
7 ?8 D( c, Q+ D |
伸缩振动+ A2 [. P# t. G! h/ p2 R
| stretching vibration
+ V1 F* m$ p ~ |
对称伸缩振动 A& j+ T5 ?( x% z" U3 R
| symmetrical stretching vibration
' D- q, |. p/ s7 M |
不对称伸缩振动% E' X3 q" g* e; U1 n
| asymmetrical stretching vibration" F* B5 E% h \# f5 M9 z
|
弯曲振动; `4 |# Z' P$ v* q3 ^* L
| bending vibration
" K K. B5 I! b% y1 C+ X Z# k |
变形振动' c& C8 @$ v* A8 W5 B
| formation vibration
/ p( t+ _8 {% d |
面内弯曲振动$ h; k4 ^2 @% K. t+ e4 X1 @, z
| in-plane bending vibration,β5 T' L* h; F# n: L
|
剪式振动
$ K8 G' p4 W( ?% E9 J+ R( e6 j' D | scissoring vibration,δ6 f; R0 l# R% a% \ `
|
面内摇摆振动
/ j, v# b8 y. q4 J8 @" j | rocking vibration,ρ! ?7 X6 [1 P( d* F" t' I* _& r
|
面外弯曲振动
) ^% P0 U3 H( M6 u% m3 r6 R | out-of-plane bending vibration,γ
- |9 B. {+ [: t0 E5 t o |
面外摇摆振动
J4 h5 s3 F* A9 n | wagging vibration,ω
$ r* _1 K8 g' n& Z |
蜷曲振动
4 e q; a% v6 c0 ^ | twisting vibration ,τ8 F; ^8 U5 S( m
|
对称变形振动
2 [& _0 J" I/ i- h9 } h | symmetrical deformation vibration ,δs
5 U2 c2 k( t4 `' k( m% R |
不对称变形振动
. f0 u2 y# E8 f! Z( @ | asymmetrical deformation vibration, δas# N( R" u5 K, ` z3 y
|
特征吸收峰7 }) }6 W4 c9 _3 `0 S9 ?- N9 O, \
| charateristic avsorption band, I$ q) ^; I& N" m( _) h& U
|
特征频率
* Q7 X3 x0 \+ H. J: c+ o | characteristic frequency" j a6 f) X# B2 F% M
|
相关吸收峰 H; d8 P+ p4 x2 p2 U* F) L$ ~- f& U
| correlation absorption band- g ^/ q/ u7 T
|
杂化影响# [2 ?7 _, u" u! D# d2 e
| hybridization affect& w+ T: S4 W- h
|
环大小效应
8 s2 F' b3 X5 W" l: U | ring size effect. v* Z& ~5 v) b: H0 M9 C
|
吸收峰的强度' D6 M, L! d' ^2 S
| intensity of absorption band( g" w8 T8 V. @6 A* P
|
环折叠振动. t8 s3 z+ Y/ F% k- ]- K
| ring prckering vibration
. {3 d P7 J7 _! X5 d2 e: g |
原子吸收分光光度
% [ @* q6 z4 b& c# K |
原子光谱法
- @' Q6 D2 h2 E o | atomic spectroscopy9 E9 b. y: y, z2 |& H( J
|
原子吸收分光光度法& ]" `) s/ K8 j7 ]0 \
| atomic absorption spectrophotometry,AAS
" P2 |/ i% T+ Y1 g' G% H; S" j |
原子发射分光光度法8 g* T# x6 a, y" P& S: R
| atomic emmsion spectrophotometry,AES+ X, G6 h2 @7 ~# s+ r
|
原子荧光分光光度法
9 U l2 [1 W5 J( t | atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry,AFS
$ D& w! d0 I" i3 i/ D( E3 l |
核磁共振波谱
4 }7 Q0 }5 x8 |) d" X8 Q1 T4 Z |
核磁共振- w. r) _. @9 t6 r
| nuclear magnetic resonance,NMR& r2 a5 V' a; t
|
核磁共振波谱
' `5 b; D/ b+ p$ o | NMR spectrum
6 M( C7 t, I, M5 L# U% d) @ |
核磁共振波谱法
# r, J- b. K' T3 W | NMR spectroscopy. g0 e6 ^. |) q" c8 {
|
扫场* e2 M3 S4 K2 W9 ^; c7 y1 r0 {
| swept field
" f' x. ^( q3 R K/ G% |" Z( o |
扫频
) [6 U1 S8 |9 a3 S1 u' r& n | seept frequency
& z6 B) C+ y+ S |
连续波核磁共振
# A( a+ W3 [- u' |8 e, W | continuous wave NMR,CW NMR+ w0 l6 b; @8 j1 \ |
|
Fourier变换NMR
* H$ L3 a2 p+ o! e# k% T7 L | PFT-NMR,FT-NMR; {8 N1 a3 w8 T% c6 S" G; V
|
二维核磁共振谱
% N% O8 F0 \5 }2 V" i | 2D-NMR2 X1 f# h' s, G: e0 o% s
|
质子核磁共振谱
u( W4 ]* \( ]1 H+ q8 k% M" l! R | proton magnetic resonance spectrum,PMR
! c. U+ F/ o( n2 h3 T6 n) W3 x2 { |
氢谱* i3 x* P5 w7 }4 j/ C8 [! W
| 1H-NMR
) i" B+ Z( h! k |
碳-13核磁共振谱5 b7 J5 p8 [5 \. G
| 13C-NMR spectrum,13CNMR
5 b1 _, ^0 b" e0 ` |
自旋角动量. b$ C4 H% u% d3 V
| spin angular momentum4 Y- h Y! e. M
|
磁旋比
7 l C( [" K2 K: A$ O | magnetogyric ratio
( o: d% j# K, u8 }: G |
磁量子数# U0 ~9 O" w Y$ u) z7 T
| magnetic quantum number,m i% r3 I& S4 V" d+ v5 ]
|
进动- T3 M1 H' r- ?& f5 K7 X6 j3 O/ b
| precession
1 C6 j( c9 A) q6 F- l |
弛豫历程
$ H! C9 {0 L* L T0 U) | | relaxation mechanism; l+ \8 X: e2 U$ J; \
|
局部抗磁屏蔽+ Z$ W/ K' G P6 \
| local diamagnetic shielding. s! E1 Q' C3 A0 ?( n* c" B
|
屏蔽常数
) i# J& N- f8 X G | shielding constant; f# A' h+ J. S8 N
|
化学位移
7 R8 g" \3 I# @1 J' { | chemical shift
% G9 a" f P3 H4 P( y# j |
国际纯粹与应用化学协会* |! T7 D$ y9 @2 v4 m" b
| IUPAC
; c0 M' k! o- u, G3 t* X! n |
磁各向异性
! y) a4 K: d# y# r* p3 r | magnetic anisotropy! `9 R2 c' C) }& {! g N$ }; w$ b3 J' J
|
远程屏蔽效应5 G" }% r+ b9 R) y, i3 Q$ Z. ?+ _
| long range shielding effect3 ~5 w1 A- P+ ]0 G2 P
|
结面
; c. n$ ]- j; q0 {/ a: P | nodal plane
; X1 r# f5 Q* e/ M& y" ]7 A; Z |
自旋-自旋偶合! n6 t c5 ^7 H) H
| spin-spin coupling9 V* k# P% X/ |, g
|
自旋-自旋分裂
2 x7 k" g+ ]! _4 D | spin=spin splitting
6 a! X: L/ ~/ ` |
单峰0 Q; E6 }" m2 P
| singlet,s3 v2 Y2 ^+ ]2 E6 O# X/ V& j/ @
|
双峰3 f3 g3 T, X" R
| doublet,d
5 u/ S; [- C7 F" _+ n9 F |
三重峰3 V; _5 o0 [, G3 }' f2 \6 [
| triplet,t
& D4 w& c% M$ I |
四重峰
; Q$ ~0 \: |: d8 ?, x | quartet
: M- B; p, b y2 x: Z |
五重峰: D# W; M/ b+ E" W$ [& Q1 b" [6 g
| quintet: b, R8 `& }+ i1 G" u* x1 P0 `
|
六重峰) Z7 G& g2 S0 o' T2 I
| sextet& U* `; H7 w) X, q2 F
|
偕偶
/ S% T4 \$ t! e ~% S% d* f | geminal coupling r' G5 x. d" m- m% O; D8 D; d
|
邻偶( @) ]8 B" m9 }2 m$ N H. f( O' W
| vicinal coupling
7 f; F/ c/ Y, p3 P |
远程偶合
W. H' @3 p8 Y# z | long range coupling- K% M g' A& z" s
|
磁等价
9 j' ]0 N$ p8 f& C8 O | magnetic eqivalence7 q2 l! U. J4 B$ p- H! d+ r
|
自旋系统. f5 [- E8 }( f& z
| spin system; m& ^& W" d6 {5 {! t6 W# g
|
一级光谱) V! ?6 |, h, B G3 j8 u7 N
| first order spectrum+ g: Q2 r4 ?; b' W& P
|
二级光谱(二级图谱)
0 N6 c# J: L4 q | second order spectrum
& o" @) }2 D( g! Z" y |
C-H光谱
: ?! M3 U; h4 E0 k6 d6 w | C-H correlated spectroscopy,C-H COSY3 P% _( q5 c, a+ ?5 x ?5 F! L8 ~
|
质谱
/ K% s' L4 p& V3 q, j6 D7 \ |
质谱分析法: {( N+ P. s' `, \; E
| mass spectrometry
/ B3 b# `! o( `: u0 G; _/ E: ? |
质谱+ Q) j, q% K: y9 j2 I
| mass spectrum,MS4 B, Q. ^. b& z8 _1 }; R, |
|
棒图1 t3 L8 n8 }; a" z% V2 W3 F
| bar graph+ f2 P' ]$ l( B
|
选择离子检测% M; P, `' S% r% q- _9 x, y
| selected ion monitoring ,SIM
! B- E X. ^- ~' s9 a& b |
直接进样( T' g; I1 h5 @. }/ u; O
| direct probe inlet ,DPI# i+ Q. z8 \# D
|
接口/ n- s: w% g' y, H. }* B6 b. c
| interface
4 i+ w" f9 M* I7 e* a8 a4 e |
气相色谱-质谱联用& m% O8 {6 t6 R+ ~- b% I# P5 t7 K
| gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS
5 W$ A$ K& M0 R S3 ~1 J# Q1 _ |
高效液相色谱-质谱联用
" @0 ~/ k+ z9 n5 d# M& { | high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,HPLC-MS/ o7 j! {- {0 C- C( g- S& p7 C8 I
|
电子轰击离子源3 R! o" l! u& G4 q" f
| electron impact source,EI
1 ~3 [$ o! B/ \# s/ S) Y/ | |
离子峰
- _( Y" z/ j+ }- ^5 W$ @2 c | quasi-molecular ions9 B$ i" M: \0 G" w `; n2 T# z% v
|
化学离子源
/ m9 ~5 E: F% f. w. ]5 `6 ] | chemical ionization source,CI5 k" M/ y' _! @& Y- F: R
|
场电离
, s) e( B5 e0 @ | field ionization,FI4 o g4 k$ {0 F! T) T. g$ c9 |0 I
|
场解析
& ~4 f( i0 e8 Q' t9 c3 s9 R/ x& T; a | field desorptiion,FD$ b( ]3 y+ a r8 g& |
|
快速原子轰击离子源% n+ A2 c* N+ @* y4 `
| fast stom bombardment ,FAB
$ B2 x& y+ l) Y% G S6 s& y- N/ I |
质量分析器
% U8 i' U4 f: z% C | mass analyzer( f, m! G' X# n( M& f7 \+ G
|
磁质谱仪5 q5 t' M( S! N% z( t
| magnetic-sector mass spectrometer/ k# y' S3 G' y
|
四极杆质谱仪(四极质谱仪)
d2 W5 \; {1 S3 U. _ | quadrupole mass spectrometer# y8 G( w3 {: V+ a u- `, }+ C
|
原子质量单位
$ K' Z: L1 \9 r7 X | amu6 _, L3 F! _2 w/ s( @
|
离子丰度' K: O2 W0 q @% Q7 v! E" B6 U
| ion abundance
) @! d+ M# u0 \, b O9 C |
相对丰度(相对强度)
0 W# d4 E5 P) A# j ` | relative avundance
8 r. }# V1 ^! f |
基峰# C! |1 `2 z' H3 t& o @5 A7 u
| base peak
7 N z8 J: c! I( } |
质量范围$ j1 X$ Z4 x. E7 n2 t1 z
| mass range
. X9 ?+ U# A4 o3 q |
分辨率
8 p: [/ t* W1 V3 Z6 W" X4 R) h) l | resolution
7 C( a8 C: o3 i1 Y |
灵敏度
9 v" _( [- D; K6 m3 [ | sensitivity$ p$ A! M) s& z4 n
|
信噪比
4 c) r: ^/ z% e | S/N2 o( E! }0 G0 X! J
|
分子离子9 p2 v7 I6 P. e: G
| molecular ion0 K( N9 l0 }) S, ~$ \: B+ X
|
碎片离子
& ?* j; l* C) Z! |0 i | fragment ion2 G! e( X W6 u; y# e. w& C: P
|
同位素离子
+ b' p$ U. P) M* h+ z+ m | isotopic ion% |$ u8 w5 |# ?7 `) G7 [( G
|
亚稳离子; f- B( w, v- y( b
| metastable ion. D* o1 M+ }. N7 w: w, [% @2 H
|
亚稳峰% z& x9 w( X6 \: E# r. S* l
| metastable peak
) x# J9 L$ Z1 x! N |
母离子- {: F1 l, I4 f2 t& j. `- @0 f. k" U- J }
| paren ion
0 t; B! E9 s& [( F4 q! Y |
子离子
0 d1 w0 T" R$ z( u) H, d. F0 f+ z: W6 m | daughter( ?; v7 f/ O* r. O
|
含奇数个电子的离子- l9 M. o* H9 f! S( @
| odd electron) B8 s* Z/ \5 h6 R1 O
|
含偶数个电子的离子
& p5 l# X9 D; c7 x1 o | even eletron,EE+ Y* D9 P: m/ _0 K3 ?$ e
|
均裂
0 D3 T0 ~$ b- t0 y. B6 C8 m8 C | homolytic cleavage: t5 W, F, v6 u* c* F$ M
|
异裂(非均裂)
- b2 c8 Q2 l9 `3 k- P8 Z4 @% _ | heterolytic cleavage5 l# o/ y& i( @
|
半均裂" _" M: J8 Z; {
| hemi-homolysis cleavage# y3 o8 h& y6 m7 U9 w4 H2 Q
|
重排$ \% h3 r# s" ^4 b% _6 n# K
| rearragement; |, p1 i5 V. X
|
分子量3 L/ f8 v+ m' g
| MW
, d* e/ d( z/ f1 G$ q |
α-裂解& z. O- s4 l' W
| α-cleavage. g' N, M- p' }$ k/ F
|
色谱分析
* }8 P' H( [& C7 y4 q+ h6 A, ?4 F. R |
色谱法(层析法)0 Y/ r8 W0 E# p2 n) R# h
| chromatography* V4 d; I% x6 w
|
固定相
9 x3 Z$ C/ \- w, q7 t5 e9 }5 Z | stationary phase
; C r0 Y3 j+ d: q8 R) t/ L |
流动相2 ?" Z* Z6 B) ^, p. p1 A X
| mobile phase
8 p; Y4 z% P& b# _ |
超临界流体色谱法
3 d. J4 Y5 n; t9 B6 q+ O | SFC7 n& D! M) J9 C/ y% J
|
高效毛细管电泳法: S: W m5 A4 x, z' Y5 P
| high performance capillary electroporesis,HPEC
. B% `7 o, ^! B6 y" r* g \) b |
气相色谱法
% |. Q7 p: j0 B; L; _0 l0 M | gas chromatography,GC
, i2 V5 ]; ?7 m1 x% S# n2 z& y# D |
液相色谱法0 U0 \( j& R) X3 Y5 C/ U
| liquid cromatography,LC
3 h9 f: O( N' a2 D5 s Y4 Z |
超临界流体色谱法
5 ~& J( O( C/ Q$ ~2 D% H; D | supercritical fluid chromatography,SFC2 P3 n' N- c: P, b& h2 ?
|
气-固色谱法
0 U8 A& z- P) ~% U/ g4 b" J | GSC
0 g$ @1 L9 d& {$ e* X' v4 D0 x |
气-液色谱法* _. d: b4 w. I8 u0 D7 m
| GLC; M8 ^( e/ G) y; \. |- Z
|
液-固色谱法
/ i+ v3 b& [2 l5 {# y! v3 x | LSC9 a$ `! b" Z/ B2 c- @
|
液-液色谱法
x! X3 h% c9 ]# O" Y( T1 d | LLC
8 i h5 c/ B& F* e/ I5 S/ Z$ j# u8 t |
柱色谱法6 P, S' X3 E8 x+ o$ z- P6 F6 O
| column chromatography( t+ y u7 H: _' b2 @# _
|
填充柱
4 v: Q! ~! M$ h | packed column
1 L3 Z5 i; I9 D3 P b3 h; M1 \7 I |
毛细管柱( ~# t) B, i9 i/ A; c7 q A
| capillary column9 f0 i1 z% u9 t8 x" ^1 ~" O
|
微填充柱
# F* Z+ r8 W! b) c6 o/ R9 \# [ | icrobore packed column( z* q) [9 Y S
|
高效液相色谱法
0 [' J4 [+ r4 Y) r+ z0 h; _) j, z | high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC
0 f; ^- Z( @6 H+ w* _' g0 ^ |
平板色谱法
% N* \4 A+ S# Z6 o7 h | planar
" e' W7 L+ H- \: D: O9 R5 @ |
平板色谱法$ C& C* X/ m/ h' S. A& j/ Q
| plane chromatography
+ K8 f* E' o( L _! q' u0 r |
纸色谱法- }3 S' \/ y2 j ~# E
| paper chromatography ]1 ]3 P/ r% Q/ h/ F/ d- [
|
薄层色谱法
$ ^3 y1 A" d2 [3 ~ U | thin layer chromatography,TLC- z0 o1 e8 a9 u! ?
|
薄膜色谱法;
* k3 }! E6 R4 F# ]' @6 x" x" i* i | thiin film chomatography! }. |- a& Z' L1 Z7 \+ s
|
毛细管电泳法, c/ ^% }6 j' G; S' H: A4 [) U8 P, J
| capillary electrophoresis,CE
- s* c6 Q$ r% F# x2 ^ |
分配色谱法0 ~7 q6 R G7 ]7 ]3 u
| partition chromatography
* i j$ M* @# g: U4 \ O: u |
吸附色谱法
" c. ]6 [5 N( t6 i5 @% L | adsorpion chromaography
0 j& u) m9 N3 V6 L1 G6 L |
离子交换色谱法7 {* ^! o4 e# ~- }1 @
| ion exchange chromatography,IEC
% D% ?) E$ b9 W$ e/ X3 K# O |
空间排阻色谱法
: n, n$ l9 n4 M* b5 N3 B | steric exclusion chromatography,SEC. ~8 L7 U: n! K: u
|
亲和色谱法
/ C/ Z, N& |8 E& |; m" M T | affinity chromatography+ _; R6 ]6 s: H1 E; t$ [
|
分配系数
( e) j! x" ^) p' d* J; e | distribution cofficient
9 W* E( J9 [; d6 q- n |
狭义分配系数
& }% u3 W% d8 o: s, ^ | partition coefficient" a% S, m7 q( U' L+ t. R
|
凝胶色谱法) t5 I0 r5 U+ ^/ Z/ b! J5 N
| gel chromatography/ L8 d! `$ E u
|
凝胶渗透色谱法
% N" c2 K, X& r | gel permeation chromatography,GPC" c: y" e$ |0 j6 b) g1 v; V3 L8 K6 Y
|
凝胶过滤色谱法
" A) e% [, }2 O9 F; l | gel filtration chromatography,GFC+ S+ V6 H% y I. [
|
渗透系数; J4 {9 t6 C0 x) `. C/ t
| permeation coefficien;Kp5 t8 o+ \' ]) G X- ?
|
化学键合相色谱法
6 }8 w4 U7 t1 } W4 [ | chemically bonded-phase chromatography
) X; Q2 o. ^1 q- O; }! a |
分配系数
/ N( N/ o& N0 c+ v# }; y | distribution coefficient- j) T! W1 }* Q
|
靛菁绿3 E* }1 q) ]& \2 B
| indocyanine
: l; q$ S: `& Z4 z) C, G6 m' z |
气相色谱-傅立叶变换红外光谱
( h; a( _, Q ^) }' P5 G | GC-FTIR
, m8 B7 c& M# h: U |
液相色谱# R# m9 |; a7 W( a% \6 m
|
薄层色谱法
" [6 R" O6 V1 O | TLC1 X8 b# ^& K. T& d- _
|
吸附% b! ]) b$ j+ k: \# _: c4 h4 D7 V) Z
| adsorption, c3 j* H; M1 u1 |; N9 m7 x
|
活化& g7 Z& c* I B. `" P4 n
| activation
1 J$ E+ W) I! ? |
脱活性4 F( _+ N5 g! c4 `
| deactivation6 }* X; e. @* Y" q
|
交联度
8 n. D- c+ ?* U2 O" p | degree of cross linking
3 s5 {) Q9 q+ Z9 o4 Y# B! L |
交换容量) P B# P0 v. u; I, a
| exchange capacity8 u1 T2 `- K' Y% d
|
薄层板
! Q2 h: L0 N7 A' i: u | thin layer plate
9 `) k$ t% g% g1 e+ |4 y |
展开剂
. R3 I, a, y( Z4 T' Z- H. W | developing solvent ,developer1 T2 v. R0 L6 j
|
临界胶束浓度
0 X& K7 \$ t. g- \ | criticak micolle concentration ,CMC" @: [5 S7 X" s& h! K2 A# |
|
相对比移值# t; y! n+ R% `; a5 x6 ?1 n* y
| relative Rf, Rr( _9 x4 r1 X- W& s! x; @$ B
|
分离度' r8 J4 w/ c" M& R$ ?
| resolution ,R3 r2 l y1 D9 S" ]! w: q' a
|
分离数9 W0 N2 o+ q! `; F. g: O
| separation number,SN
, l& p: i/ H& \; v( W |
煅石膏
+ `2 r3 W% Y8 N7 X$ n4 F | Gypsum' C" C+ ?5 Q: K Z) X$ d8 M5 m- |
|
羧甲基纤维素钠
# n+ [" Q- I2 J6 a$ i6 ^/ ^ | CMC-Na" B( M, b* [4 g0 Q7 l- [0 x: J
|
吸收光谱联用7 N9 ~% e% O s3 F" p4 o. T/ x! _
| TLC-UV% W: P, C5 x4 ^8 M
|
薄层色谱-荧光联用; U8 B- n2 ]6 _* x
| TLC-F1 c0 D. i+ c1 S" F h
|
薄层色谱-红外吸收光谱联用: M. r9 \1 L z
| TLC-IR
7 j" D% n# T* f) z8 J |
薄层色谱法5 \9 E' }- S1 B3 P; W, C
| TLC-MS
/ [( A' S- W1 u |
纸色谱法
7 m$ M# u4 {, q+ j5 u a8 T3 \- w' Y | paper chromatography* B) l- p9 p; Z! }4 Z2 `8 [1 x" _
|
上行展开
2 V0 z# ^: n% b | ascending development) R5 U4 S r* C- {0 v
|
下行法展开
+ p% n3 B; r6 G" w& J | descending development
, c0 a/ `! g; ~. s. w' K4 d" o# m |
双向展开: p9 N/ F. ?$ R7 p. e2 F% d( y- @
| two dimensional develoooment6 e8 Y& b8 K1 q6 M" I' v: n' l
|
气相色谱* k9 y7 j8 o' s- R
|
气相色谱法
1 b' h. l6 E: U2 q2 z6 i# I | gas chromatography: T. V) | W- F% c) U
|
前延峰
$ U3 D0 P1 ^5 i: X | leading peak1 l( p$ ?5 `' @4 d5 m
|
拖尾峰& [8 e5 b+ f% O; H7 e
| tailing peak9 r- I0 ^ p p0 ?: ~, P
|
对称因子
; m- L" ^/ v0 \- Z | symmetry factor,fs* U( W3 M( d0 O7 u+ s+ W ~
|
保留时间7 o \7 F& a6 u
| retention time7 a; r v$ l z7 F+ n; ?
|
保留体积" L2 y2 W. M4 r1 A z( s
| retention volume
# g( ?7 J" t+ x3 @ |
死时间3 Y& M4 s1 ]9 y( e; r4 |$ [
| dead time
2 ^( v; V3 A0 m4 ], A2 P2 {3 M6 B |
调整保留时间
; w, y- A; M- N | asjusted retention time9 d7 S- p+ l- |. a
|
半峰宽3 C d) ^1 S r B+ E
| peak width at half height,W1/2 or Y1/2
4 ~+ R1 i% R, n6 ^5 y |
峰宽
4 ?' L7 s% A2 e) N0 v | peak width,W2 q1 @% f0 J; \. C; k4 ]" ?( }
|
等温线
( T. H) A1 a. O. g( W | isotherm3 P+ R* a3 Z0 b$ T" J8 R
|
理论塔板高度
3 n) \/ d" I' s. c9 F | height equivalent to atheoretical plate
+ h# W$ h) ~3 z- `+ ] |
化学键合相
1 O# f8 W/ d! X' V1 o | chemically bonded phase
- L7 M6 U" |" y! f" L& ^ |
丁二酸二乙二醇聚酯2 v+ k7 A! n" M. M) E$ m
| polydiethylene glycol succinate,PDEGS,DEGS) {: H- N. \) r0 W
|
高分子多孔微球
0 q- ]* L/ i% J& R6 `5 d( B | GDX9 n9 r* g7 |! b& _
|
苯乙烯
, Y1 Q! M8 I( f' J; |: x L; W | STY
6 W. B1 _* l7 N, X- A |
乙基乙烯苯6 |5 x5 C! D3 `. n0 T
| EST
5 f+ c& p; H' ^/ z |
二乙烯苯
& `3 Y, G; X2 l* Q9 D, `0 Z& h | DVB
9 @8 k5 G0 j6 Y |
涂壁毛细管柱
: x# ]3 z) g W% ?6 t4 ~, t v | wall coated open tubular column,WCOT
' l- ^% T1 Q. V, u2 Y: s3 D |
载体涂层毛细管柱
; W- Y u( c6 Q/ p; Q$ _, T, Q$ i | supprot coated open tubular column,SCOT) o% L+ t+ O0 ?% c, o) \
|
热导检测器: g3 ^( C! F0 c# |" f) r
| thermal conductivity detector,TCD# O# c5 u. F! w8 T
|
氢焰离子化检测器
8 u o2 D( B, U) ] | hydrogen flame ionization detector,FID
5 t5 W5 }, J- Q( M7 F3 H |
电子捕获检测器: a# t# l( p( ]
| electron capture detector ,ECD Q+ ~$ C: ~& d- Y/ w. D
|
噪声
+ K2 _, t. Z) j | noise,N
1 g: A* n" T$ u |
漂移
* ]. |% ^, h7 ^ A5 N# u! k; u | drift,d# m1 w5 B9 t: J4 ?3 e
|
灵敏度. x; K3 g0 r1 F* _4 k8 v/ R
| sensitivity7 r, W, T3 O, D/ u) \. W
|
检测限(敏感度)) b9 u" ^4 ?' e% v
| detectability,D,M b K" U4 R/ O: b* j/ i% P
|
分离度) j8 R5 c# q# o3 n4 `9 f& `
| resolution
! N( H/ b. |$ t d8 y3 ^ |
归一化法0 e9 W F# `! r. ]
| normalization method
1 |6 l# f& P/ ?' L k; } |
外标法) c+ }3 g1 \3 h5 B
| external standardization0 B! h0 b* L+ {
|
高效液相色谱
. x* a2 m( u. H6 W5 n7 l5 e/ l |
高效液相色谱法
1 m: C$ z8 z7 I% ? | high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC) Z w( U! n. Z) \% X8 I' k u
|
高速液相色谱法
% y4 Z7 `0 ~% F5 \8 T( k% @, s | high speed LC,HSLC
9 D+ P X3 s$ I0 S5 \' G' Y |
高压液相色谱法
: { Z' a$ M# a" R2 R1 M" w | high pressure LC,HPLC
1 l5 k' i2 q( g0 b( y1 g9 s' l |
高分辨液相色谱法7 {) R. e5 K! J* n8 s
| high resolution LC,HRLC
( q e: G( W& O2 r' K' f |
液固吸附色谱法(液固色谱法)# }5 x/ a4 g2 c* L3 I
| liquid-solid adsorption chromatography,LSC
% J+ f, }% s1 ^, E/ Y |
液液色谱法
0 }% V7 k2 g4 {5 |, O | liquid-liquid chromatography,LLC
& o9 u% p2 L0 K6 t4 ?0 ~+ V8 o |
正相: I- a4 Z" n8 {1 z1 u! {* Q: N
| normal phase,NP
" w8 Y! a% U% E p |
反相
: b; M8 W1 r5 G | reversed phase,RP2 b* t- A5 y( N% i
|
化学键合相色谱法. f1 Y. }* _& t" u
| bonded phase chromatography,BPC
/ a1 I; r% b1 Q |
十八烷基
1 H7 G' v$ V' \# U" ]9 D0 |) A E | octadecylselyl,ODS
& ^; |: a3 s" a" ]$ r7 W |
离子对色谱法. [8 E4 Z4 y, i3 h f( x
| paired ion chromatography,PIC' `/ H. W& u$ i; i5 V1 U$ O
|
反相离子对色谱法# c6 U5 p8 L4 j, J# c; }7 p
| RPIC
0 z* ?9 d* y& m2 ?* M$ o' X, S |
离子抑制色谱法
( i. c+ ^" j* f+ h | ion suppression chromatography,ISC1 A( N4 {, e+ _2 [
|
离子色谱法
& q/ O l2 I L& _& C w) x% V | ion chromatography,IC9 I; J/ H" Y# e" B
|
手性色谱法
- R7 G& T* m) ~8 q: M | chiral chromatography,CC$ ]1 B- v& a* f5 m; F8 x
|
环糊精色谱法
: X3 C1 S" {) |; o5 h' L" y | cyclodextrin chromatography,CDC( o0 r3 k: j2 Z! E' b; A9 C
|
胶束色谱法) a3 z' A6 P' B P+ X' ~
| micellar chromatography,MC$ ]) S& a ^6 }9 E( b7 w8 t( S
|
亲和色谱法3 Y# @: T, j: {( K1 N; J9 B
| affinity chromatography,AC
2 B, P; [( m# y$ t |
固定相
! t& \: K% U1 W8 u | stationary phase3 u9 l2 A( y5 R5 g& `
|
化学键合相
# G# h3 h9 T! e6 w8 r6 ?, A# I9 m | chemically bonde phase6 o# [6 F9 M2 v+ J
|
封尾、封顶、遮盖* V7 ]: X+ \3 Z6 _/ T! x; m
| end capping
. g. m: Y. ~' i0 N |
手性固定相9 D# w; f/ |& F; f- m3 ]. `' x* s
| chiral stationary phase,CSP
; a) B2 E: M$ Z: J" n; | |
恒组成溶剂洗脱
) b1 Z# r0 Z4 ]9 t5 m | isocraic elution6 E; T" q# I0 c8 K5 G
|
梯度洗脱# I% i% p# k2 L0 i
| gradient elution5 v% @- w; T/ ^. l
|
紫外检测器
* ^$ H |& h& |0 {2 f! L | ultraviolet detector,UVD! @' |3 E/ m0 q- r3 O& R
|
荧光检测器" m/ u+ z2 u* b! z+ n
| fluorophotomeric detector,FD
5 R9 q; o) j3 J; h6 p' g4 W, M |
电化学检测器
) K: Z( C9 g8 A | ECD; W$ x1 {1 U3 b& p, b1 i
|
示差折光检测器
F4 v6 e) }3 B z# {0 ]9 m7 A( n | RID
. S/ O8 i/ ]0 a6 b+ h# b |
光电二极管检测器
4 s5 ~+ {4 V+ G3 L( K. ] | photodiode array detector ,DAD
( F1 w2 D1 j8 z7 n# Q+ X3 E |
三维光谱-波谱图
. z% ~5 V _2 M4 n$ @% I7 U | 3D-spectrochromatogram3 K" g z! P' U# Q& b1 o* V, F
|
蒸发光散射检测器
% @2 O3 E1 `4 @) ^ q | evaporative light scattering detector,ELSD
, X4 Z2 b' k- y( y) H |
安培检测器
& A) ~# t7 V R' D" T | ampere detector,AD; b. Y5 y' m L$ u2 E2 _9 }
|
高效毛细管电泳法( Y8 n$ `) M- k& ~+ L- v1 F/ o
| high performance capillary electrophoresis,HPCE
8 i% P) b8 s0 j, B+ h |
淌度
# ~6 o8 Q$ c' e# v' T | mobility
! C/ N; C9 P# b$ T% Q e$ V |
电泳
2 h/ H ?0 A c! {8 L/ K# P | electrophoresis
: R9 V5 C" P/ }7 C3 t |
电渗, j% ]" i+ M" V" d2 B
| electroosmosis l% G& ?- j# Y ]7 z. e* A9 v: N
|
动力进样
2 ~8 l0 M- r7 {3 E/ t- i( X) R | hydrodynamic injection
' q) V; @' |8 h2 k- i |
电动进样+ `0 f/ r, ^/ ?
| electrokinetic injection
! W6 T, o3 ~3 H: f; g- z |
毛细管区带电泳法
& V5 u) T9 W* ]8 m# q | capillary zone electrophoresis,CZE5 {* H, W8 P1 k% Z7 K, P, ~
|
胶束电动毛细管色谱2 G& ~- k' F- P1 M& @$ Z
| micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography,MECC( @; j i! l1 |7 c+ {) O' B
|
毛细管凝胶电泳
. ~# H3 H$ x( e! t3 d; g8 n- \7 O | capillary gel electrophoresis,CGE/ ~6 C: W* a1 W' x& _5 S# r$ _. ~
|
筛分' s9 I! |1 M' b% Z6 t Z# \
| sieving
% H6 ~1 `3 v8 m& F
; ?3 ]1 z* k7 G* Z |